Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2017, vol. 26, nr 8, November, p. 1171–1178

doi: 10.17219/acem/67563

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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Mesenchymal stem cell therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Detection of cell homing and tumor mass by magnetic resonance imaging using iron oxide nanoparticles

Mamdooh Faidah1,B,C,D,F, Abdulwahab Noorwali2,3,A,B,C,F, Hazem Atta4,5,A,B,C,D,E,F, Naushad Ahmed6,B,C,D,E,F, Hamid Habib7,A,D,E,F, Laila Damiati3,B,C,D,E,F, Najlaa Filimban3,B,C,D, Mihal Al-Qriqri3,B,C,D, Soheir Mahfouz8,B,C,D,E,F, Mohamad Nidal Khabaz9,B,C,D,E,F

1 Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

3 Stem Cell Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

5 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

6 Department of Radiology, King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

7 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

8 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

9 Department of Pathology, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to improve hepatic fibrosis, and may impact the signaling mechanisms leading to the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in animal models of liver cirrhosis.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to clarify and explain the therapeutic role played by MSCs in hepatic cirrhosis and HCC by tracking them using nanoparticles.
Material and Methods. Liver cirrhosis and HCC were established in rats with the use of carbon tetrachloride and diethylnitrosamine injection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to track nanoparticlelabeled MSCs in the intact animal following injection and to monitor the changes in the hepatic parenchyma.
Results. Labeling of MSCs with iron oxide nanoparticles did not adversely affect their viability and proliferation. MRI indicated a significant reduction in tumor mass in the labeled MSCs group compared to the control group. Histopathologic examination of the liver, following MSCs treatment, showed an apparently normal looking liver with no evidence of neoplastic cellular changes. The biochemical results support these findings.
Conclusion. This work documents that MSCs could be labeled with nanoparticles and traced in normal and cirrhotic liver and in liver with HCC in animals using MRI. MRI monitors the homing and localization of MSCs in the liver. MSCs infusion in animal models of cirrhosis and carcinoma may prove to be useful in limiting the cirrhotic process. Also, it may have a possible therapeutic potential on the carcinogenic process.

Key words

liver cirrhosis, nanoparticles, stem cells, hepatocellular carcinoma

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