Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2017, vol. 26, nr 3, May-June, p. 505–514

doi: 10.17219/acem/74652

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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Correlation between the state of periodontal tissues and selected risk factors for periodontitis and myocardial infarction

Renata Górska1,A,C,E,F, Elżbieta Dembowska2,B, Tomasz P. Konopka3,B, Joanna Wysokińska-Miszczuk4,B, Małgorzata Pietruska5,C, Ewa Ganowicz1,D

1 Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

2 Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland

3 Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland

4 Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland

5 Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland

Abstract

Background. The current level of knowledge indicates a relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and/or cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Periodontitis can be not only a risk factor for these diseases, but also a condition modifying other primary risk factors associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular complications (lipid disorders, arterial hypertension, etc.) or diabetes.
Objectives. The aim of the study was an analysis of the correlation between the state of periodontal tissues and selected risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) in patients after recent myocardial infarction.
Material and Methods. The study included 417 patients (92 women, 325 men) hospitalized due to recent MI. The inclusion criteria were MI history and age below 70 years. The state of periodontal tissues (plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, CPI index) and selected risk factors for periodontitis and CVD were recorded.
Results. An analysis of the results showed no statistically significant correlation between the depth, the number, percentage of periodontal pockets and the average clinical attachment level on one hand and BMI on the other hand. Whereas a statistically significant correlation was observed between tobacco smoking and the degree of severity of periodontal diseases measured by the average pocket depth, the number and percentage of pockets above 4 mm and the average clinical attachment loss, as well as between hypertension and the state of oral hygiene and between diabetes and the number of preserved teeth and the number of pockets above 4 mm.
Conclusion. The degree of severity of periodontal disease can impact hypertension and diabetes, which could potentially influence the occurrence and course of CVD.

Key words

risk factors, periodontitis, cardiovascular diseases

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