Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Title abbreviation: Adv Clin Exp Med
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ISSN 1899–5276 (print)
ISSN 2451-2680 (online)
Periodicity – monthly

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Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

2019, vol. 28, nr 2, February, p. 249–254

doi: 10.17219/acem/94165

Publication type: original article

Language: English

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Emergence of Enterobacteriaceae co-producing CTX-M-15, ArmA and PMQR in Poland

Katarzyna Piekarska1,A,D,F, Katarzyna Zacharczuk1,C, Tomasz Wołkowicz1,C, Natalia Wolaniuk1,B, Magdalena Rzeczkowska1,B, Rafał Gierczyński1,E,F

1 Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warszawa, Poland

Abstract

Background. Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), 16S rRNA methylases and quinolone resistance mechanisms (PMQRs) are well-known agents conferring resistance to more than 1 antimicrobial in its group. The accumulation of these agents poses, therefore, a serious risk to public health.
Objectives. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of common ß-lactamases and 16S rRNA methylases in Qnr-producing Enterobacteriaceae and their genetic relatedness.
Material and Methods. We examined 18 Qnr-producing isolates (Klebsiella pneumoniae n = 8, Enterobacter cloacae n = 6 and Escherichia coli n = 4) selected from a collection of 215 ciprofloxacin-resistant strains obtained from patients in a 1030-bed tertiary hospital from 1 March to 31 August 2010. The antibiotics minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by E-test. The detection of common ß-lactamases, 16S rRNA methyltransferases and PMQR genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Genetic relatedness was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
Results. All the isolates tested were susceptible to carbapenems and colistin, while 16 were multidrug-resistant. Thirteen, 2 and 2 isolates carried qnrB1, qnrA1 and qnrS1, respectively. Ten of 13 qnrB1-positive Enterobacteriaceae also carried genes encoding for aac(6’)-Ib-cr and at least 1 ESBL. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the most common ESBL. The most prevalent combination of genes was qnrB1+aac(6’)-Ib-cr+blaTEM-1+blaCTX-M-15. Two isolates of K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae were found to bear multiple extended range resistance traits: ArmA, CTX-M-15, QnrB1, and AAC (6’)-Ib-cr. The PFGE showed that most of the isolates exhibited individual DNA patterns, whilst MLST assigned K. pneumoniae (n = 8) to 5 sequence types (STs) (ST15, ST323, ST336, ST147, and ST525), E. coli (n = 4) to 2 (ST131 and ST1431) and E. cloacae (n = 5) to 4 (ST90, ST89, ST133, and the novel ST407).
Conclusion. Our findings reveal the accumulation of resistance traits and their important role in spreading of multiresistant bacteria among hospitalized patients.

Key words

PMQR, ESBLs, MDR, Enterobacteriaceae, Poland

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